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It is a proxy or proxy server, is a server software program which serves as an intermediary between a the server and the client on the internet. With no intermediaries, the user could send a request every resource straight to the server and the server will serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxies, it can provide advantages in the form of more performance, privacy, security, and more. As a pass-through layer, the proxy serves as a guardian of the internet between clients and servers.

In general, the mix of the server hardware as well as software used to set up proxy installations is commonly referred to in the context of proxy servers. In this article, we'll focus on proxies typically understood as software, as well as the ones used in conjunction with web servers. You will get a breakdown of two kinds of proxies: a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own application scenario, which is often misunderstood due the similar naming convention.

This article will provide you with an understanding of what proxy servers and their subtypes are and also what they can do for most common configurations. Through this article, users will be able to determine the situations in which an effective proxy is useful, and select the right solution between reverse and forward proxy for any particular scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

In other words, a forward proxy also known as an open proxy is a representative of the client who is trying to transmit an internet request to an origin server. In this case, the entire attempt to send requests from the client will be made by the forward-proxy. In this case, this forward-proxy acting in the place of the customer will review the request. It is the first thing to establish what authorization the user has to send requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then reject this request and transfer it over to the server that originally sent it. The client isn't able to have direct connection to the internet; it is only able to access what the forward proxy gives the client access.

A very popular reasons for forward proxy is the increased privacy or anonymity on the internet. A forward proxy can be utilized to access the internet in lieu of a client, and can use an alternative IP address in place of the original IP address of the client.

Depending on how it's been set up in the past forward proxy servers are able to offer a range of services and permit you to:

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  Beware of ad-tracker.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine limitations based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used to secure systems that are centralized and have permission-based access for instance, at work. When all internet traffic goes through an open forward proxy, an administrator is able to grant access only to specific users to the internet, which is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of having firewalls installed to protect the client layer that could be comprised of a variety of machines that have different user and environment and environment, a firewall may be placed on an forward proxy layer.

Be aware that forward proxy servers must be manually set up in order to be used however reverse proxies will be not noticed to the user. Based on whether or not the address IP of a client is transmitted to the origin server through this forward proxy, security and security can be granted, or not noticed.

There are many options to investigate for forward proxy options:

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  Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which provides forward-looking proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source server for web hosting that has forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy which uses an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide an entire web server service. There is a video tutorial on how you can set up Squid proxy for private connection to Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP and is more appropriate for scenarios such as with peer-to-peer traffic. You can also examine how you can configure a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is an agent of web servers, which handles any requests that are received by clients on its behalf. This web server may comprise a single server, or a number of servers. It could also serve in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios, it is possible to get a request from a user on the internet. Most of the time the request will be sent direct to the website that hosts the information the user is in need of. Reverse proxy is an intermediary that separates Web server from direct communication with the internet.

From a client's viewpoint, which is from a user's point of view, interfacing with reverse proxy isn't different from connecting directly to your webserver. It's the same thing, however clients can't be able to tell the distinction. The customer requests an item and receives it without any additional configuration needed to be completed by the client.

Reverse proxy proxy servers can offer features, like:

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  A central layer of security that protects the server.
  
  
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  Controlling traffic inbound based on rules that you can establish.
  
  
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  A new feature for caching is now available.
  
  

While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy solutions, reverse proxy providers provide this service to this web server layer rather than that layer of the internet server, which is called client. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls in the layer of web servers, which might contain several servers that have different configurations, a majority of firewall security can be focused on this layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation to interface with firewalls as well as responding to client requests off of web servers enables them to concentrate on the requirements of their clients.

If there are multiple servers running through reverse proxy the reverse proxy handles the method of routing requests to which server. Many web servers may be offering the same content, but they may offer different kinds of content or a mixture of the two. These servers could use the HTTP protocol similar to a traditional web server, however, they might also use applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can also configure a reverse proxy to direct clients to specific servers depending on the resource requested or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can benefit from their positioning on top of web servers by providing caching functionality. Large static files can be set using caching rules to prevent the web server from being hit on each request and some solutions even offer the option to provide static files directly without touching the servers in any manner. Additionally reverse proxy may handle the compressing these assets.

The popular Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy solution. However, it is true that the Apache web server is also equipped with reverse proxy feature as an added option for Apache as opposed to Nginx was originally designed and was designed specifically for reverse proxy functions.

Distinguishing Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Examples

Since "forward" in addition to "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality, and a false comparison to "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both types of proxies handle both responses and requests. The best way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to take into account the needs of the app you're developing.

A reverse proxy can be helpful in the design of an application that is able to provide web-based applications on the internet. They are your web servers in all interactions with the internet.

A forward proxy can be helpful when used before traffic from clients for your personal use or in a workplace environment. They represent the traffic of your clients whenever you interact on the internet.

The use case distinction as opposed to focusing only on the common naming conventions will help in eliminating confusion.

Conclusion

This article describes what a proxy is, with the two main kinds being reverse and forward proxy. Examples of practical applications and a review of useful characteristics were used to determine forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested in learning more about the process of implementing proxy services, you can refer to our tutorial on how you can install Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy with Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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